Low-oxygen blood flows through the veins from the organs and tissues back to the heart.
The most common venous diseases are varicose veins and thrombosis. Varicose veins can lead to chronic venous insufficiency and phlebitis, thromboses to pulmonary embolisms.
Early diagnosis and treatment is crucial to avoid long-term complications.
Varicose veins are dilated, superficial veins that occur mainly in the legs. They occur when blood builds up in the veins and can no longer flow back to the heart effectively.
Varicose veins often develop due to a genetic predisposition, but can also be favored by factors such as prolonged standing, obesity or pregnancy. Although they are often initially only a cosmetic problem, untreated varicose veins can lead to complications such as phlebitis, thrombosis or open legs.
Typical symptoms of varicose veins are bluish or purple, tortuous veins under the skin, swelling, especially in the ankle area, a feeling of heaviness and tiredness in the legs, a feeling of tension or pain in the legs, as well as itching or skin changes in the affected area
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A venous thrombosis is a potentially life-threatening condition in which a blood clot (thrombus) forms in a vein and partially or completely blocks it, impeding or blocking the flow of blood.
Deep vein thrombosis usually requires immediate medical treatment in order to avoid serious complications.
Venous thromboses occur most frequently in the leg and pelvic veins. Less frequently, they can also occur in other parts of the body. In addition to thromboses in the deep veins, superficial veins can also be affected (“phlebitis”).
Common risk factors are immobilization (e.g. after surgery or long journeys), pregnancy and postpartum, hormonal contraceptives, obesity, smoking and certain diseases such as cancer and congenital coagulation disorders.
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Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a condition in which the veins in the legs are unable to return blood to the heart efficiently. This causes blood to pool in the veins, which increases the pressure in the veins and causes various symptoms and complications. Symptoms of CVI vary depending on the severity of the condition and include swelling (edema) in the legs, pain and heaviness in the legs, and occasionally itching. In advanced stages, skin changes occur which, if left untreated, can lead to “open legs”.
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